Middle School Physical Education

Student Learnings: What students should know and be able to do

AEROBICS
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, weight transfer, locomotors, weight bearing

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the benefits of fitness.
  • the history of aerobics.
  • safety in aerobic activity.
  • the differences in aerobic and anaerobic, isometric and isotonic exercises.
  • individual monitoring of heart rate while working, resting, and during recovery.
  • warm-ups and daily exercise.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to aerobics:
  • walking
  • speed walking
  • jogging
  • running
  • heart rate monitoring
  • resting heart rate
  • recover heart rate
  • taking heart rate
  • flexibility
  • warm-ups
  • cool down
  • routines
  • other: audio visual as a teaching aide
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

AQUATICS
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, application of fundamental movement skills

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • safety requirements around water.
  • basic water safety skills.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to aquatics:
  • drown proofing
  • basic water safety skills
  • use of personal flotation device
• survival floating
• front crawl
• elementary backstroke
• sidestroke
• back crawl
• breaststroke
• basic rescue skills
• feet first surface dive
• tuck and pike surface dive
• dive
• distrance swimming
• treading
• canoeing
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes:
  • good safety habits in water games.
  • good sportsmanship and proper attitudes playing in water games.
  • individual and group cooperation skills.
  • an awareness of individual strengths and limitations.

BADMINTON
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, striking, manipulatives, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • safety requirements of badminton.
  • rules, etiquette and terminology of badminton.
  • singles and doubles playing strategy.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to badminton:
  • grip
  • serving
  • footwork
  • forehand
  • backhand
  • drive
  • smash
  • clear
  • drop shot
  • high, deep serve placement
  • low, short serve placement
  • cross court shots
  • doubles serve receiving
    • up-and-back
    • side-by-side rotation
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

BASKETBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, jump, slide, propel, catch, collect, flight, run, pass, pitch, carry, dodge, step-like actions and balance

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of basketball.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • safety requirements of basketball.
  • rules and terminology of basketball.
  • offensive and defensive positions.
  • strategies of the game of basketball.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of basketball:
  • catching
  • passing
    • under arm pass
    • over arm pass
    • chest pass
    • bounce pass
  • shooting
    • two-handed chest shot
    • one-handed push shot (set shot)
    • foul shot (free throw)
    • lay-up shot
  • fake
  • pivoting
  • dribbling
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

BOWLING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, propelling with hand

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the care and use of bowling equipment.
  • safety precautions when using bowling equipment.
  • scoring a game of bowling.
• Develop the correct bowling techniques of:
  • grip
  • arm swing
  • approach
  • delivery
  • aiming
• Develop advanced bowling techniques of:
  • spare conversions
  • spot bowling
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

ICE BROOMBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sports.
  • the rules, etiquette, scoring and terminology of the sports.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to broomball:
  • demonstrate face-off
  • stick handling
  • passing the ball
  • offensive play
  • defensive play
  • goaltending
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, weight transfer, locomotors, weight bearing

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the benefits of fitness.
  • the history of aerobics.
  • the sport of cross country running.
  • safety in aerobic activity.
  • the differences in aerobic and anaerobic, isometric and isotonic exercises.
  • individual monitoring of volume and intensity while working, resting and during recovery.
  • warm-ups and daily exercise.
  • develop individualized fitness plan.
  • proper use of aerobics equipment.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to aerobics:
  • walking
  • speed walking
  • jogging
  • running
  • heart rate monitoring
  • resting heart rate
  • recover heart rate
  • taking heart rate
  • flexibility
  • warm-ups
  • cool down
  • maximum speed mechanics
  • plyometrics
  • other: audio visual as a teaching aide
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

CROSS COUNTRY SKIING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment:
    • choosing boots, skies, bindings and poles
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • the rules, etiquette and terminology of the sport.
  • hypothermia, frostbite and winter survival.
  • skating:
    • skating techniques
    • touring
    • racing
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to cross country skiing:
  • falling and getting up
  • step turn
  • kick turn
  • flat tracking techniques
  • kick-glide
  • pole grip
  • oppositional poling
  • double poling
  • uphill techniques:
    • herringbone
    • side stepping
    • touring
    • racing
  • downhill techiniques:
    • emergency stop—bailing out
    • straight
    • snow plow
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

DANCE
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, locomotors, weight transfer, balance, counterbalance

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of dance.
  • terms relating to specific rhythmic moves.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to rhythm:
  • basic locomotor movements—singing games
  • creative and dramatic movement of folk dance:
    • promenade
    • right hand, left hand or elbow swing
    • toe heel
    • cross over
    • grapevine
    • step hop
    • polka
    • square dance
      • honor
      • shuffle step
      • circle left and right
      • promenade
      • do-si-do
      • swings
      • stars
      • allemande left and right
      • grand right and left
      • ladies chain
      • right and left through
      • pass through
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

FLOOR HOCKEY
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, striking, catch, tracking, propel, collect

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • an understanding of floor hockey terminology.
  • the sport of floor hockey.
  • safety concerns
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of floor hockey:
  • stick handling
  • shooting and passing
  • goalkeeping
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

GOLF/FRISBEE GOLD
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the care and safe use of golf equipment.
  • the history, terms, etiquette and rules that apply to golf.
• Develop correct techniques and skills related to:
  • grip
  • stance
  • address
  • pivot and shoulder action
  • backswing
  • top of swing
  • wrist action
  • downswing and follow-through
  • use of long irons
  • use of short irons
  • use of woods
  • putting
  • pitch and run
  • chip
  • approach shots
  • course play
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

LACROSSE (NON-CONTACT)
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, weight transfer, locomotors, weight bearing

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • the rules, etiquette, scoring and terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of skills related to lacrosse:
  • grip of the stick (crosse)
  • cradling
  • picking up
  • turning
  • catching
  • passing
  • shooting
  • goalkeeping
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

ORIENTEERING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, application of fundamental movement skills

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of orienteering.
  • safety requirement.
  • care and use of orienteering equipment.
  • terms specific to orienteering.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to orienteering:
  • pacing
  • find point to point
  • using a compass
  • computing bearings
  • computing distances
  • charting a course
  • orienteering from a map to the environment
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

RACQUETBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • the rules, etiquette, scoring, strategy and terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to racquetball:
  • serving
    • low drive serve
  • arm strokes
    • forehand
    • backhand
    • sidearm stroke
  • straight kill shot
  • crotch shot
  • variation of shots
  • positioning
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

ROLLERBLADING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport:
    • counter-clockwise movement
    • ticks in the center
    • tuck in laces
    • skate with control
  • the etiquette and terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to skating:
  • getting feel of ice
    • hold onto barrier, shift weight
    • bend knees to see feet
    • "baby steps"
    • how to fall and get up
  • forward swizzles—sculling
  • L push
  • push and glide
  • feel of skating foot and free foot
  • forward skating
  • stopping:
    • snow plow
    • hockey stop
    • T stop
  • curves:
    • front crossovers
    • back crossovers
  • skating backwards
  • tricks:
    • bunny hop
    • shoot the duck
    • mohawk
    • 3-turn
    • scale
    • axel
    • camel
    • spins
    • jumps
    • school figure-eights
    • spirals
    • outside turns
    • inside turns
    • toe loop jump
    • ballet jump
    • waltz jump
    • spread eagle
    • mazurka jump
  • partner skating/skate dancing
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

SNOWSHOEING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport:
    • weather problems—winter survival
    • snow conditions
    • proper clothing
    • understanding hypothermia and frost bite and first aid procedures.
  • the terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to snowshoeing:
  • walking step
  • fall recovery
  • uphill
    • traverse
    • edging
    • step turn
    • kick turn
  • downhill
    • lean back
  • cross country
    • trail breaking
    • near trees
  • snowshoe fun—racing and games
  • orienteering application
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

SOCCER
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, kick, propel, strike, dodge, slide, collect, throw, catch

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of soccer.
  • the care and use of soccer equipment.
  • the safety requirements of soccer.
  • the rules and terminology of soccer.
  • offensive positions
  • defensive positions
  • strategies of the game.
• Develop correct techniques of soccer skills:
  • kicking or control of ball with feet.
  • kick a stationary ball
  • kick a rolling ball
  • soccer dribble
  • in-step kick
  • toe kick
  • inside foot pass
  • outside foot pass
  • heel kick
  • trapping/collecting with the foot.
  • trapping/collecting with the body.
  • ball tackling
  • juggling
  • heading
  • throw in
  • kick off
  • free kick
  • corner kick
  • penalty kick
  • goal tending
  • punt
  • collecting with the arms (goalie)
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

SOFTBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, strike, collect, run, throw, catch

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the care and use of softball equipment.
  • safety requirements of softball.
  • rules and terminology of softball.
  • fielding positions
  • strategies of the game.
• Develop correct techniques of softball skills:
  • underhand throw
  • overhand throw
  • catching
  • catching fly balls
  • collecting grounders
  • batting to bases
  • throwing to bases
  • base running
  • batting a fungo
  • batting a pitched ball
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

SPEEDBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • the rules, scoring, strategies and terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to speedball:
  • soccer skills:
    • dribbling
    • instep kick
    • passing
    • kicking with inside of foot.
    • kicking with outside of foot.
    • punting
    • tackling and dodging
    • trapping
    • drop kick
  • basketball skills:
    • catching and passing
    • air dribble
    • pivoting
    • guarding
  • speedball skills:
    • conversions—pickups:
      • one foot on moving ball.
      • one foot to self.
      • two feet to self.
    • lifting ball to teammate
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history and benefit of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • spotting techniques
  • the rules, etiquette and terminology of the sport.
  • goal setting
  • bones and muscles.
  • conditioning and nutrition.
  • circuit training
  • fartlek training
  • body awareness
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to strength training:
  • fitness testing:
    • flexibility
    • endurance
    • agility
    • cardio respiratory endurance
    • plyometric training
    • speed
    • strength
    • individualized programs
    • periodization
  • bench press
  • squat
  • leg press
  • incline bench press
  • push press
  • arm curls
  • overhead press
  • hip sled
  • leg extension
  • heel raises
  • pull ups
  • dips
  • leg curls
  • pull downs
  • manual resistance exercies:
    • push-ups
    • bench dips
    • curl-ups
    • reverse curl-ups
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

TABLE TENNIS
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of the sport.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • the safety requirements of the sport.
  • the rules, etiquette, scoring, strategies of singles and doubles, and terminology of the sport.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to table tennis:
  • grips
  • forehand
  • backhand
  • reverse paddle
  • serve
  • smash
  • lob
  • singles play
  • doubles play
  • tournament play
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

TEAM HANDBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of team handball.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • safety requirements of team handball.
  • rules and terminology of team handball.
  • offensive positions, defensive positions and strategies of the game of team handball.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to team handball:
  • throwing
  • catching
  • shooting for a goal
  • dribbling
  • appropriate running steps
  • defensive blocking
  • goal tending
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

TENNIS
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, fundamental movement skills that apply

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • the history of tennis.
  • the care and use of equipment.
  • safety requirements of tennis.
  • the rules, scoring, terminology, etiquette and strategies of singles and doubles.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills related to tennis:
  • forehand grip
  • backhand grip
  • forehand footwork
  • backhand footwork
  • ground strokes
  • service grip and stance
  • serve
  • volley
  • smash
  • lob
  • chop
  • drop
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

TOUCH FOOTBALL/FLAG AND LEAD-UP GAMES
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, dodge, carry, catch, kick, run, throw-pass, punt, weight transfer, collect, balance

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • safety requirements of football.
  • rules and terminology of football.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of football appropriate for the developmental level:
  • run
  • dodge
  • carry
  • throw—pass
  • catch
  • kick
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes:
  • good sportsmanship and proper attitude with regard to the game of football.
  • good safety habits in the playing of football skills.
  • in individual and group cooperation skills.
  • teamwork as related to football.

TRACK AND FIELD
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, hop, kick, jump, propel, leap, throw, run, flight, slide (uneven), roll, step-like action, countertension, balance

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • safety requirements used in track and field.
  • the rules of track and field events.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of track and field:
  • sprinting:
    • standing start
    • crouch start
    • starting blocks
    • proper running form
    • correct finish form
    • 50, 100, 200 and 400 meter dash.
  • hurdles:
    • techinique for lead and trail leg.
    • approach and take off over hurdle.
    • landing over the hurdle.
    • running between hurdles (consistent strike length).
    • low hurdles
  • middle distance:
    • teardrop start
    • pacing
    • 800 meter run
    • 1600 meter run
  • relays:
    • relay exchanges
    • 200, 400, 800 and 800 meter medley relay.
  • jumping events:
    • running long jump:
      • approach
      • the plant/take off
      • the landing
    • high jump:
      • approach
      • plant/take off
      • bar clearance
      • landing
      • scissors, western roll, straddle roll, and flop.
  • throwing events:
    • softball/ tennis ball/ football/ frisbee, shot-put.
    • throwing techniques
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.

TUMBLING
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, balance, rock, roll, hop, jump, step-like action, leap, counterbalance, countertension

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • basic stunts/self testing terminology.
  • skill levels appropriate for the developmental level.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of tumbling and stunt skills:
  • balance
  • straddle stand
  • headstand
  • handstand
  • mule kick
  • handstand against wall
  • handstand with assistance and lower bridge (backbend).
  • rock/roll
  • human rocker
  • egg roll
  • forward roll:
    • forward roll
    • slow forward to sit
    • slow forward roll (legs crossed)
    • slow continous forward rolls
    • fast continuous foward rolls
    • slow forward roll over one person
    • slow forward roll from standing position
    • forward roll to standing position (slow run)
    • forward roll pike position
    • forward roll squat position
    • forward roll hands grasping toes
    • forward roll hands extended to side
    • forward roll combination
  • backward roll:
    • backward roll painting a rainbow
    • backward roll squat to knee
    • backward roll squat to feet
    • backward roll stand to squat
    • backward roll from back lying position
    • backward roll standing position to straddle
    • continuous backward rolls
    • combinations
  • cartwheel:
    • cartwheel
    • cartwheel over the puddle
    • cartwheel complete
    • cartwheel continuous
    • cartwheel skip step
    • cartwheel from skip step
    • cartwheel to momentary balance snap down to feet
    • round off
  • step-like action:
    • elephant walk
    • gorilla walk
    • dog run
    • lame dog run
    • crab walk
    • tight rope walk
    • wicket walk
    • bear walk
    • inch worm
    • knee walk
    • wheelbarrow
  • jump:
    • rabbit jump
    • kangaroo hop
    • frog hop
    • slap heels
    • bouncing ball
    • jumping jacks
    • jump and reach
    • leap frog
    • jump the stick
    • straddle jump
  • leap:
    • leap the brook
  • hop:
    • heel click
  • counterbalance:
    • coffee grinder
    • push ups
    • wring the dishcloth
    • Chinese get up
    • turk stand
    • corkscrew
    • push ups from wall
    • Swedish fall
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes:
  • good sportsmanship and proper attitudes with regard to stunts/self testing.
  • good safety habits in stunts/self testing.
  • individual and group cooperation skills.
  • an awareness of individual strengths and limitations.

VOLLEYBALL
Movement Breakdown: physical fitness, motor fitness, jump, slide, strike, propel, volley, weight bearing

• Develop knowledge and an appreciation of:
  • rules and terminology of volleyball.
  • safety requirements of volleyball.
  • the care and use of volleyball equipment.
• Develop correct techniques of the skills of volleyball:
  • forearm pass
  • set
  • serve underhand
  • serve reception
  • net recovery
  • advanced overhand serves:
    • topspin serve
    • float serve
  • rotation
  • spike
  • block
  • defense
  • officiating
• Develop inclusive behaviors and attitudes.